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Review
of Literatures of the European Union
Gualtiero Calboli (Università di Bologna)
L'éros nelle declamazioni latine (una pozione di contro-amore)  - Abstract
Title in English: Eros in Latin declamations (a potion of anti-love)
Simonetta Nannini (Università di Bologna)
Inseguire e fuggire, in guerra e in amore - Abstract
Title in English: Flight and pursuing, in war and in love
Roberto Poma (Université de Paris XII)
Metamorfosi dell'hereos. Fonti medievali della psicofisiologia del mal d'amore in età moderna (XVI-XVII) - Abstract
Title in English: Metamorphoses of hereos. Medieval sources of love disease psychophysiology in the Modern Age (XVI-XVII)
Raffele Pinto (Universitat de Barcelona)
Un caso di violenza di genere: la «ninfa degollada» di Garcilaso de la Vega (Églogas, III) - Abstract
Title in English: A case of gender violence: the «ninfa degollada» of Garcilaso de la Vega (Églogas , III)
Gilles Polizzi (Université de Mulhouse)
Le mal et son remède: les paroxysmes amoureux dans deux réécritures françaises de l'Hypnerotomachia Poliphili - Abstract
Title in English: The evil and its remedy: love paroxysms in two French rewrintings of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili
Ruggero Campagnoli (Università di Bologna)
La hache de Ronsard et la lance d'Achille, où l'ulcère téléphien - Abstract
Title in English: Ronsard's axe and Achiless' lance, or the Telephian ulcer
Paul Mengal (Université de Paris XII)
Quand la maladie d'amour devient hystérie:le tournant de l'âge classique - Abstract
Title in English: When love disease becomes hysteria: the turning of the Classical age
Georges Fréris (Université de Théssalonique)
Erotocritos: Eros pharmakon ou «erotos crissi»? Le baroque néo-hellénique et ses impacts - Abstract
Title in English: Erotocritos: Eros pharmakon or «erotos crissis»? The neo-Hellenic Baroque and its impacts
Peter W. Waentig (Università di Bologna)
Minne, Liebe, Schwärmerei tra Medioevo e Barocco - Abstract
Title in English: Minne, Liebe, Schwärmerei between Middle Ages and Baroque
Andrea Battistini (Università di Bologna)
«Paradiso infernal, celeste inferno». Ossimori d'amore nell'Adone di Giovan Battista Marino - Abstract
Title in English: «Infernal paradise, celestial hell». Love oxymora in Giovan Battista Marino's Adone
Anna Maranini (Università di Bologna)
Guérir ou mourir: petite notes sur le poison d'amour (et sur le Properce de Béroalde) - Abstract
Title in English: Healing or dying: small notes on the love poison (and Propertius' Béroalde)
Éric Lysøe (Université de Mulhouse)
Éros au miroir:mélancolie amoureuse et homosexualité dans quelques comédies de Shakespeare - Abstract
Title in English: Eros at the mirror: love melancholy and homosexuality in some Shakespeare's comedies
Daniel Maira (Université de Bâle)
Une édition des Angoisses et remèdes d'amour de Jean Bouchet suivie de l'histoire d'Euralius et Lucresse d'Enea Silvio Piccolomini - Abstract
Title in English: An edition of the Angoisses et remèdes d'amour followed by the history of Euralius and Lucresse by Enea Silvio Piccolomini
Maria Paola Funaioli (Università di Bologna)
Gli amori di Arianna secondo il Rinuccini - Abstract
Title in English: Arianna's loves according to Ottavio Rinuccini
Paola Pinotti (Università di Bologna)
Il remedium amoris da Ovidio a Enea Silvio Piccolomini - Abstract
Title in English: The remedium amoris from Ovid to Enea Silvius Piccolomini
Laura Borràs Castanyer (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)
La maladie amoureuse dans les images et les textes - Abstract
Title in English: Love disease in images and texts
Gualtiero Calboli (Università di Bologna)
L'éros nelle declamazioni latine (una pozione di contro-amore)
Title in English: Eros in Latin declamations (a potion of anti-love)
Abstract
Among the famous XIX Declamations Maiores from the pseudo-Quintilian the XIV and the XV deal with a case of «odi potio» apparently unique in Latin literature, though rich in instances of love philtres and troubled loves, especially in the theatre, that is often a source of subjects for the genre of the declamation. Written in a tolerant pagan environment, i.e. the one of the schola of the forum traiani of Ierus and Dracontius, these declamations show the possibility of a happy encounter between the fields of law and rhetoric which is able to manipulate their traditional categories, though preserving the subtle psychological character of a very human case.
Keywords : eros, Latin declamations, rhetorique, odi potio
Simonetta Nannini (Università di Bologna)
Inseguire e fuggire, in guerra e in amore
Title in English: Flight and pursuing, in war and in love
Abstract
The Delphic oracle t??sa? O?seta? can apply to erotic sphere on account of a language shared by war and love since the origins of Greek literature; the lyric poetry draws from epic poetry the words of the «battle» and the physical symptoms of desire mingles with fear, but epic had already sung the duel with erotic terms. Following the history of an unusual Iliadic simile (Il. XXI 199-201), we can see that, from the Iliad to Vergil, Chrétien de Troyes, Tasso, frustration is the predominant feature in decisive duels as in love affairs: nobody can get what he wants (glory or an object of love) forever, that is to say that nobody can get immortality. The revival of the same simile in philosophical contexts shows that the frustration is a major feature of Socratic dialogue, a very particular intercourse in which the interlocutor is confused, in aporia, and Socrates plays the role of the pharmakon itself.
Keywords : poursuit, Socratic dialogue, Homer, Greek literature
Roberto Poma (Université de Paris XII)
Metamorfosi dell'hereos. Fonti medievalidella psicofisiologia del mal d'amore in età moderna (XVI-XVII)
Title in English: Metamorphoses of hereos. Medieval sources of love disease psychophysiology in the Modern Age (XVI-XVII)
Abstract
Issued from Latin translations of medical treatises of the Middle Ages, where the Aristotelic medical traditon on melancholy meets the Platonic tradition about eros,the conceit of hereos becomes a very important issue in the following centuries as a physiological pathology, often confused with melacholy, both afflicting human humours. If the tradition recommended to heal the hereos by allopathy with Paracelsus and the reject of the Galenic-Hyppocratic medical tradition hereos becomes a disease of imagination, to cure by the imposition of order in sexual life and by refusing otium , following a moral concern, unknown to the Ancients, that becomes more and more powerful during the XVII century with Counter-Reformation and Puritanism.
Keywords : Arnaldo da Villanova, hereos, love disease, Paracelsus
Raffaele Pinto (Universitat de Barcelona)
Un caso di violenza di genere: la «ninfa degollada» di Garcilaso de la Vega (Églogas, III)
Title in English: A case of gender violence: the «ninfa degollada» de Garcilaso de la Vega (Églogas, III)
Abstract
The third eclogue of Garcilaso de la Vega presents, the theme of the death of the beloved lady, that appears in the Italian literature with Dante, through the image of throat cutting taken from the Ovidian Metamorphoses . In his poetry the substitution of this theme with the one of the poet's own death marks a detachment from the medical tradition of the symptoms of the herois , the love disease, attested in the work of the Catalan physician Arnau de Villanueva. This substitution corresponds to the substitution of grief with a form of melancholy, that would make possible the lyrical expression of the tension caused by the sentiment of lack, following the idea proposed by Freud in his essay Grief and melancholy.
Keywords : Garcilaso de la Vega , Dante, struggle, throat cutting.
Gilles Polizzi (Université de Paris XII)
Le mal et son remède: les paroxysmes amoureux dans deux réécritures françaises de l'Hypnerotomachia Poliphili
Title in English: The evil and its remedy: love paroxysms in two French rewrintings of the Hypenorotomachia Poliphili
Abstract
Between 1540 and 1550 France is «invaded» by Italian or Italian-style novels, bringing with them a change in the way of dealing with and representing love passion in fictional writing. Through the analysis of two French transpositions oh the Hypnerotomachia Polyphili of Francesco Colonna it is possible to underline the emergence of a new aesthetics of love, that rejects courtly and chivalry traditions as well as allegorical representation in favour of a more earthly and realistic passion, in which the opposites meet and the plague of love is healed «by iron, fire and poison» following Ariosto's lesson.
Keywords : Songe de Poliphile, Colonna, pseudo-Jeanne Flore, love remedy, Jean Martin
Ruggero Campagnoli (Università di Bologna)
La hache de Ronsard et la lance d'Achille, ou l'ulcère téléphien
Title in English: Ronsard's axe and Achiless' lance, or the Telephian ulcer
Abstract
In the Greek myth the lance of Achilles which has hurt Telephus, is also the only instrument that can heal him. This kind of homeopathic remedy to the wound presents an erotic aspect that the poets preserve through the centuries until the modern age: starting from Macedonius, Ovide and Propertius the couple Telephus-Achilles becomes emblematic of the lovers' couple, subject to modifications that make it more suitable to express the author's exigences. Thus, for instance, the figure of Achilles overlaps with that of Christ in Ariosto, while the «castration» of Achilles' lance in an axe in Ronsard's seems to veil the homosexual love and to celebrate it at the same time.
Keywords : lance, axe, Ronsard, Achilles, Telephus
Paul Mengal (Université de Paris XII)
Quand la maladie d'amour devient hystérie: le tournant de l'âge classique
Title in English: When the love disease becomes hysteria: the turning of the Classical Age
Abstract
The XVI century marks a change in the attitude towards love passion, as testified in moral treatises and in medical essays. Love passion has always been looked at as a manifestation of an evil, nocturnal spirit, following the idea of a correspondance between macrocosm and human microcosm. During the XVI century this vision is rejected in favour of a more «rational» treatment of love passion, that is now more frequently associated with the notion of «hysteria», a trouble concerning brains and blood more than uterus, marking a passage in the medical tradition involved in the larger frame of progressive moral control on society achieved through moral reformation.
Keywords : Classical age, hysteria, medicine, love, melancholy
Georges Fréris (Université de Thessalonique)
Erotocritos: Eros pharmakon ou «erotos crissi» ? Le baroque néo-hellénique et ses impacts
Résumé
Title in English: Erotocritos: Eros pharmakon or «erotos crisis»? The neo-Hellenic Baroque and its impacts
Abstract
This w ork which responds to the title of the Congress, is centered on love resolution, treated as a remedy to a thematic depository of a European literature period, via the study of a Greek poem, Erotocritos , written by V.Cornaros. It constitutes a rare neo-Hellenic renaissance work of art where the passion of love turns into a feeling capable to change the world, only when overruled by prudence. The poem aims at delivering man from his pettiness and his feelings. After an accurate analysis of the sources, the social context and the date of the poem, we are defining the baroque according to the theory of H.Wolfflin and Eugenio d'Ors, we are referring to the principal original features of passion and we are mentioning the impact of the Cretan poem to the literary and cultural development of modern Greece.
Keywords : passion, love, prudence, Baroque, Cretan literature
Peter P. Waentig (Università di Bologna)
Minne, Liebe, Schwärmerei tra Medioevo e Barocco
Title in English: Minne, Liebe, Schwärmerei between Middle Ages and Baroque
Abstract
Different kinds of literary love like Minne , Liebe and Schwärmerei can be identified in German erotic literature between the Middle Ages and baroque. Minne represented as a medieval gentlewoman causes love-suffering as well as also heals people who have fallen in unhappy love. Love as a sweet feeling which allies two persons sentimentally and sexually has been studied in medical and philosophical texts of humanists much more liberally than in highly polite literature. Schwärmerei as rhetoric exaltation of love in Petrarchan tradition fades in German literature of XVII century.
Keywords : Minne, Liebe, Schwärmerei, Middle Ages, Baroque
Andrea Battistini (Università di Bologna)
«Paradiso infernal, celeste inferno». Ossimori d'amore nell'Adone de Giovan Battista Marino
Title in English: «Infernal paradise, celestial hell» . Love oxymora in Giovan Battista Marino's Adone
Abstract
The word «pharmakon» brings forth an oxymoron that cannot be perceived in translations, since they always have to choose to underline just one of its aspects, according to what J. Derrida noticed. The same ambiguity can be seen in the figure of Love, which can be either long-sighted or blind. The conceit of oxymoron seems to perfectly suit Baroque thought, as the Adone of Giovan Battista Marino shows it; in this long poem the oxymoron is bound to the theme of love in several ways: in the history of the hero who gives his name to the poem (Adone, who falls in love because of the one who had to put him to death, is killed by the kiss of a wild boar fallen in love with him) and in the very pattern of the poetic text (where the oxymoron mixes with other rhetorical processes, as in the description of Love made by Venus).
Keywords: oxymoron, love, Adone, Giovan Battista Marino, Baroque
Anna Maranini (Università di Bologna)
Guérir ou mourir : petites notes sur le poison de l'amour (et sur le Properce de Béroalde
Title in English: Healing or dying: small notes on the love poison (and on Beroaldus' Propertius)
Abstract
Tradition often uses the word amo ' as a synonym of venenum , i.e., poison. In the symbolic tradition, it is the mala pars of an entire symbol and of an iconology that also includes a bona pars . After highlighting some allegorical formulations, the author analyzes this topic in Propertius (2, 12, 19 intactos isto satius temptare veneno ) through the Commentarii in Propertium by Philippus Beroaldus the Old (1453-1505).
Keywords : Philippe Béroalde, Propertius, eros, poison, love
Éric Lysøe (Université de Mulhouse)
Eros au miroir: mélancolie amoureuse et homosexualité dans quelques comédies de Shakespeare
Title in English: Eros at the mirror: love melancholy and homosexuality in some of Shakespeare's comedies
Abstract
In the very deep of Shakespeare's comedy lies a dark force curiously associated with love joys that allows us to say that melancholy in Shakespeare is not a superficial presence determined by the trend of the Elizabethan age. Instead, when it appears in some character in a very evident way it always turns out to a very complex vision of love passion. Through the analysis of A midsummer's night dream , and more briefly, of The twelfth night , As you like it and The merchant of Venice , we become aware of how, through the theatrical game of sexual identities and crossed desires, the poet shows the double aspect of Eros, as a creating power providing a remedy to melancholy, as well as a destructive one when sexual desire is removed.
Keywords : Shakespeare, comedy, homosexuality, melancholy, eros
Daniel Maira (Université de Bâle)
Une édition des Angoisses et remèdes d'amour de Jean Bouchet suivi de L'Histoire d'Euralius et Lucresse d'Enea Silvio Piccolomini: acte éditorial comme pharmakon
Title in English: An edition of the Angoisses et remèdes d'amour followed by the history of Euralius and Lucresse by Enea Silvio Piccolomini
Abstract
In a Parisian edition of the Angoisses et remèdes d'amour by Jean Bouchet, the Histoire des deux amants by Enea Silvio Piccolomini was presented in the same volume. This assemblage can be understood undeniably as a commercial operation. Anyway, through important cuts suppressing the most voluptuous passages, this tale is rewritten because of an editorial need in order to fall into line with Jean Bouchet's work. In this way, the erotic fiction of the Histoire des deux amants becomes remedium amoris . Therefore, the two works are concerned by an editorial rewriting bringing three effects: it expresses the aesthetic worries and the didactic purpose of the editor, Madelaine Boursette; it transforms the early works by Bouchet and Piccolomini in mature works through the moral inflection and a retrospective point of view, and, by this, it raises to the rank of moral models and of literary canon two authors sharing the same moral worries of the producers. The reading of the poetical fiction can be helpful and act as a pharmakon if it can turns the strength of imagination toward a virtuous path leading the reader to refuse insane love.
Keywords : edition, Piccolomini, love remedies, Remèdes d'amour, Bouchet, Euralius et Lucresse
Maria Paola Funaioli Università di Bologna)
Gli amori di Arianna secondo il Rinuccini
Title in English: Arianna's loves according to Ottavio Rinuccini
Abstract
Ariadne's abandonment in the island of Naxos by Theseus and her subsequent marriage with Dionysos was first narrated in Hesiod's Theogony , but her story by many Greek sources had a sorrowful ending. Latin poets such as Catullus and Ovid report her marriage with Dionysus, but nevertheless she appears mostly unhappy and jealous. Her eros is only a poisonous pharmakon . Painters, from Antiquity to Renaissance and Baroque, represented her like a victim, or a Maenad. Only Ottavio Rinuccini, a member of the Camerata Fiorentina, the first poet of librettos, shows, in 1608, a happy and blessed Ariadne, whose second love, at the same time, wounds her and heals the mortal wound caused by her first love.
Keywords : Eros, Pharmakon, Arianna, Dioniso, Rinuccini
Paola Pinotti (Università di Bologna)
Il remedium amoris da Ovidio a Enea Silvio Piccolomini
Title in English: The remedium amoris from Ovid to Enea Silvio Piccolomini
Abstract
Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini had a wide knowledge of classic authors: we know from his letters that he read Ovid, particularly Ars and Remedia , which were much imitated during the Middle Ages and later. In his letter to Ippolito Porro (1446), entitled De remedio amoris , he reworks several topoi of the Greek and Latin erotic poetry, but his main arguments are based on a Christian view of women, love and sin.
In his early book of elegies, dedicated to Cinthia , we find the influence of latin poets, mostly Virgil, then Propertius; in the pattern of this work the presence of the theme of remedium amoris and medicina amoris appears quite rarely, specially in the beginning of elegy 21 to Cinthia, which shows allusions to augustan poets, but also a long quotation from St.Ambrose. In the last elegy (23, to Cupid) the final couplet closely imitates language and imagery from Ovid's Remedia , v. 79-120, although this early poem does not show yet the elegant and mature Latin of later works written by the future Pope Pius II.
Keywords : Piccolomini, remedium amoris, Latin, Humanism
Laura Borràs Castanyer (Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)
La maladie amoureuse dans les images et les textes
Title in English: Love disease in images and texts
Abstract
Figure on which the knowledge of several branches of learning (medicine, theology, laws) interweave, the fool is a frequent theme in chivalry poems, where it always shows as a symbol of estrangement from any form of civilisation and human contact. Insanity in literature is always easy to recognize through specific behaviours (refusal of clothes, loss of the language, flight towards a forest or a desert, etc.), many of which belong to Ariosto's Orlando . The insanity of this character can be classed among those brought about by the loss of the lady, who's the knight's reason of life. The knight's insanity is often bound to the theme of love, as in troubadours' poetry: sometimes is the power of love in itself that makes crazy, but sometimes the knight chooses to submit himself to insanity to get closer to the object of his love: it's the case of Tristan in Folie Tristan.
Keywords : madness, Ariosto, Roland, chivalry
Bibliography
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Issue n. 7
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